Solid-state lithium-ion batteries are a type of solid-state battery where the liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries is replaced with a solid material. Some designs also eliminate binders and separators. Solid-state designs do not overheat or catch fire, because the solid electrolyte prevents dendrites from creating short circuits. Acceptance of solid state electrolytes has been limited by the poor conductance of such materials.
Video Solid-state lithium-ion battery
Research
In 2014, researchers at Sakti3 announced a solid state electrolyte lithium-ion battery that the company claimed doubles energy density for one fifth of the cost. The company has yet to release details on the materials and construction of its device.
In 2014 Toyota was developing solid state battery systems for automotive use.
In 2015, researchers announced a solid-state battery that replaced the graphite anode with a sheet of lithium-metal foil. The solid electrolyte is a thin layer applied to the lithium-metal foil. The short distance the ions travel through the solid material has little effect on overall electrolyte conductivity. The liquid electrolyte also has additives that prevent dendrites from forming. The developer claimed that its prototype can be recharged 300 times while retaining 80 percent of its original storage capacity and at room temperature.
In 2016, researchers announced a solid-state battery that resolved the high impedance problem by using an ultra-thin layer of aluminum oxide between the lithium electrode and the solid state "garnet" electrolyte.
In March 2017, researchers announced a solid-state battery called a glass battery which has a glass electrolyte doped with lithium, oxygen and chlorine ions, and with 3 times the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries. An extended life of more than 1,200 cycles was demonstrated. This new solid state glass battery does away with the lithium extraction, as detailed in the University of Texas article announcing the invention. "The glass electrolytes allow for the substitution of low-cost sodium for lithium. Sodium is extracted from seawater that is widely available," Braga said.
In November 2017, Fisker Inc., the company behind the EMotion electric car announced that it had filed patents for a new type of battery technology. In an elaborate press release, the company announced that the emerging technology of solid state batteries, could put electric cars with 500-plus mile ranges and one-minute recharging times on the roads as early as the year 2024.
Maps Solid-state lithium-ion battery
See also
- Lithium-ion battery
- List of battery types
- Comparison of battery types
References
Source of article : Wikipedia
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